Jordanian authorities have been using the country’s new cybercrimes law to suppress freedom of expression, particularly targeting pro-Palestine sentiment, according to a report by human rights organization Amnesty International. The law, enacted in August 2023, has led to the prosecution of at least 15 individuals who criticized authorities online. The amendments introduced in the law allow for the prosecution of individuals without a personal complaint, especially when the offense is related to governmental figures or entities.
The cybercrimes law in Jordan has a broad scope, with people being prosecuted for accusations such as spreading fake news, provoking strife, threatening societal peace, and showing contempt for religions. This has raised concerns about the violation of the rights to freedom of expression, association, and peaceful assembly in the country. Aya Majzoub, Amnesty International’s deputy director for the Middle East and North Africa, stated that Jordanian authorities have escalated their assault on these rights using overly broad provisions under the pretext of protecting the digital space.
The crackdown on pro-Palestine activism and criticism of government policies towards Israel has been particularly targeted by Jordanian authorities. This has resulted in a stifling of the already limited space for dissent in Jordan and has created an environment of self-censorship. Hundreds of people have been charged under the cybercrimes law between August 2023 and August 2024, including lawyer and activist Moutaz Awwad, who was convicted for provoking sedition or strife for expressing pro-Palestine sentiments.
In the aftermath of the 7 October attacks, Jordanian authorities have intensified their crackdown on pro-Palestine protests and social media posts. Journalists and activists who have participated in protests in front of the Israeli embassy or accused their government of aiding in intercepting Iranian missiles have faced convictions and arrests without notice. The targeting of individuals for expressing their views on government policies and actions has raised concerns about the restriction of legitimate forms of expression.
Amnesty International has called for the repeal or substantial amendment of the cybercrimes law in Jordan to align it with international human rights law and standards. Criticism of government policies and actions should not be criminalized, as it is a fundamental aspect of freedom of expression. The need to protect the rights of individuals to express their opinions without fear of prosecution is essential for upholding democracy and ensuring a free and open society in Jordan.
